英语学术讲座的宏观结构与微观结构——体裁分析在学术语篇分析中的应用

A Genre-based Analysis of Macrostructure and Microstructure of Academic Lectures in Englis

以英语为信息传递媒介的学术讲座是高等教育中传授知识的一种重要方式.本文采用Swales和Bhatia的体裁分析方法,考察取自香港计算机科学与信息系统语料库的英语学术讲座的宏观结构与微观结构.分析结果表明讲座的宏观结构由六个相互交织、重复出现的环节组成,其中指示语篇方向环节、总结环节与评价环节对构建语篇尤为重要.六个环节有不同的语言表达形式,在措辞、语法和句式上有各自的特点.该研究对学术英语教材编写和教学有启示意义.

As an effective means of transmitting information, academic lectures in English play an increasingly important role in higher education throughout the world. This paper presents the results of a genre-based analysis of seven academic lectures in English from Hong Kong Computer Science and Information System Corpus. Following the methodology developed by Swales and Bhatia, we find that the macrostructure consists of six interrelated and interwoven phases: direction phase, conclusion phase, evaluation phase, example phase, review phase and interaction phase. The microstructure of the six phases is also explored to reveal their linguistic features. The findings of the study can shed some light on EAP material development and EAP teaching and learning.