不同株型高产大豆的生长特性研究

Studies on the growing characteristic of high yield soybean in different plant-types

于2002～2003年在沈阳进行不同株型大豆的田间试验,结果表明:沈农6号和铁丰29号的分枝数明显多于亚有限生长习性品种,但其株高和节数却明显少于亚有限生长习性品种;各品种茎粗间差异不大,结荚部位以辽豆14号最高,但不同生长习性品种间结荚部位无明显的变化规律。在前期叶面积指数变化速度稳定,中期以辽豆14号和辽豆11号叶面积指数较亚有限生长习性品种大,在后期,4个品种的叶面积指数下降速度较快。生长过程中,辽豆14号最大生长速率较低,出现时间较晚,其他3个品种则差别较少。在单株产量构成中,不同生长习性品种的主茎和分枝对产量的贡献不同,有限生长习性品种的单株粒数以分枝为主,,而亚有限生长习性品种则以主茎为主,生物产量与经济产量均以亚有限生长习性品种较高,但收获指数表现规律不同,以辽豆14号和铁丰29号较高,均为0.47,辽豆11号和沈农6号较低。

Carrying through the farm experiment of different plant-type soybean in Shenyang during the year of 2002～2003,the results show that: the branches of Shennong 6and Tiefeng 29 are much more than the semi-determinate varieties, but the height and the joints are much fewer than the semi-determinate varies; and the stem diameter between the different varieties was insignificant, the changes of LAI are stable at the growing prophase, and the LAI of Liaodou 14 and 11 is larger than the semi-determinate varieties at the middle growing stage, but the LAI of the four varieties is dropped rapidly at the growing anaphase. During the growing ,the maximum of growing rate of Liaodou 14 is low ,and the time of appearance is also late compared with the other three varieties. The main stems and the branches of different varieties are different in contributing to the yields, peas per plant of determinate varieties is main with the branches ,but the semi-determinate varieties is main with the main stems, the bio-yield and the economic yield of the semi-determinate varieties are both higher than determinate varieties, but the harvest index of Liaodou 14 and Tiefeng 29 are higher (0.47), Liaodou 14 and Shennong 6 are lower compared with the other two varietes.