单枚种植体牵引增高兔下牙槽嵴的组织学研究

The Histological Study of the Single Implant Traction’s Raising the Rabbit's Mandible Ridge

目的 观察单枚种植体牵引增高兔下牙槽嵴的组织学变化。方法 兔随机分实验组、实验对照组和空白对照组。实验组及实验对照组在建立兔下颌缺牙颌模型基础上将种植体植入成年兔下牙槽嵴内。实验组术后 1w开始旋转种植体持续牵引下牙槽嵴 ,每天牵引 1 0mm ,1d牵引 2次 ,5d后完成牵引 ;实验对照组术后 1w直接牵引升高 5 0mm。空白对照组 2只 ,不做任何处理。预期时间处死动物进行光镜及扫描电镜观察。结果 扫描电镜显示 ,固定 2w ,新生的骨小梁与牵引方向平行 ;第 4周小梁逐渐融合 ,交织呈网状。光镜观察 ,固定 4w ,实验组骨小梁相连成片。结论 单枚种植体持续牵引下牙槽嵴牵引间隙成骨方式以膜化骨为主。

Objective To observe histological changes caused by the single implant tractions raising rabbit's mandible ridge. Methods With different purposes, eighteen rabbits were divided randomly into 3 groups: experimental group, experiment control, and empty control.Based on the making of deficient jaws model, the experimental group and experiment control put the titanium implant into the mandible ridge. The experimental group keep tracting the mandible ridge after a week latency period at the rate of 0.05mm×2/day in 5 days. While the experiment control was directly distracted 5.0mm .The empty control do nothing but keeping the 2 rabbits after the operation.The animals were killed in the scheduled time and the specimens were observed with the light microscope and stereoscan.Results The stereoscan shows that the new bone parallels with the direction of traction after 2weeks' fixation .In the 4th week the new bone formed reticular joint.Using light microscope,after 4th weeks' fixation ,the experimental group find that the new bone form a reticulum formation.Conclusions The distracting slot of single titanium implant distracting the mandible ridge can obtain better bone healing and the pattern of osteogenesis is intramembranous ossification mainly.