掌指关节镜的应用解剖研究

Applied anatomy research of metacarpophalangeal arthroscopy

目的 研究掌指关节的解剖结构特点 ,为该关节镜的开展提供解剖学基础。方法 对 10个正常新鲜尸体的掌指关节 ,进行关节内、外解剖结构的大体解剖学研究。并对另外 10个掌指关节进行关节镜观察 ,将镜下所见与大体解剖结果进行对比分析。结果 掌指关节镜的入点选择在指伸肌腱的两侧 ,可以最大限度地避开指背静脉和神经 ,通过关节镜可以清楚地观察到全部的指骨关节面和绝大部分的掌骨关节面、掌板、籽骨、侧副韧带和关节囊等结构。结论 掌指关节镜能清楚地观察掌指关节内的解剖结构 ,可用于明确关节内病变的诊断和辅助治疗。

Objective To explore the anatomy features of metacarpophalangeal joints(MPJ) and provide the basis for arthroscopy application. Methods Ten normal fresh cadaveric MPJ were employed for the research. The gross anatomy of the structures around the joints was studied. Another ten joints were used for metacarpophalangeal arthroscopy. The results from both arthroscopy and gross anatomy were compared and evaluated. Results The arthroscopic ports were selected at 2 sides of the extrinsic extensor tendons, so that the main veins and nerve branches could be avoided. From metacarpophalangeal arthroscope, the whole articular surface of phalangeal joint, the most part of metacarpal joint surface, volar plate, sesamoid, collateral ligaments and joint capsule could be clearly observed. Conclusion Metacarpophalangeal arthroscopy can reveal the anatomy structures around MPJ, and it may be of great use for accurate diagnosis of joint disorders and for assistant therapy.