甲醛对小鼠致突变作用的研究

Study on the Mutagenicity of Formaldehyde in Mice

目的 研究甲醛对小鼠的致突变作用。方法 选择健康昆明种小鼠 5 0只 (雌雄各半 ) ,随机分为 3个剂量组 :甲醛高剂量组 (2 0 0 0mg/kg·bw)、中剂量组 (2 0 0mg/kg·bw)、低剂量组 (0 2 0mg/kg·bw) ,1个阴性对照组 (生理盐水 )和 1个阳性对照组 (环磷酰胺 5 0mg/kg) ,采用腹腔注射染毒 ,每天 1次 ,连续 5d。于第六天处死雌性小鼠进行骨髓细胞微核试验 ,于第三十五天处死雄性小鼠进行精子畸形试验 ,显微镜下观察并计数微核及畸形精子数。结果 甲醛中、高剂量组骨髓细胞微核数显著高于阴性对照组 (P <0 0 5 ;) ,同时低、中、高剂量组精子畸形率显著高于阴性对照组 (P <0 0 1)。

Objective To study the mutagenicity of formaldehyde in mice. Methods Fifty healthy Kunming mice (25 males and 25 females) were selected and randomly divided into 5 dose groups : formaldehyde high-dose group (20.00mg/kg.bw)、middle-dose group (2.00mg/kg.bw)、low-dose group (0.20mg/kg.bw), negative control group (NS) and positive control group (cyclophosphamide,50 mg/kg). All the miceincluding negative and positive control groups ) were treated with respective solution by peritoneal injection, once a day for 5 consecutive days. The female mice were killed on day six to observe the frequency of micronuclei in bone marrow cell and the male mice were killed on day thirty five to observe the morphologic abnormal sperm. Results There was a significant increase of the frequency of micronuclei in middle and high dose groups compared with negative control group (P<0.05); meanwhile the frequency of the abnormal sperm was also increased significantly (P<0.01). Conclusion The results showed that formaldehyde might be of mutagenesis in mice.