干旱荒漠区樟子松幼苗的抗逆性分析

Aresearch on seedling resistance of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica in arid desert area

干旱荒漠区樟子松种子育苗时缩短出苗期时间非常关键,需进行种子处理、催芽、土壤消毒;播种后自流水灌溉结合喷灌、遮荫等人工措施保持苗床湿润、改善环境条件,可大大提高出苗率和成苗率。幼苗对土壤盐分很敏感,不同的土壤含盐量对樟子松种子发芽率和幼苗保存率有一定程度的影响,育苗地土壤总盐量以 0.5 %为极限。经苗地冬灌后露地越冬、冬灌后苗木埋土越冬试验观测,其越冬率为 36.8 %和 95.0 %。春季风大沙多,气温多变,易对苗木造成生理干旱,一般到 4 月中旬气温稳定时除去覆土,及时灌水,有利于苗木成活和生长。

When seedlings of pinus sylvestris var. mongolica were bred by seeds and nursery stock in arid area, micro-environmental improvement by methods of seed and soil solutions could increase seedling survival rate. Seedlings being very sensitive to salt in soil, different salt contents had different influence, the soil salt content should be lower than 0.5 % when seedlings was bred in the field. The survival rate of seedlings covered by field soil and no cover in winter was 95 % and 36.8 % respectively. More windy weather and varied air temperature in desert area often form seedling physiological drought in spring, it was benefit for seedling surviving and growth that they were uncovered and watered in time when air temperature was stable in middle of April.