英汉亲属称谓语的差异及其互译

Differences on English and Chinese Kinship Terms and Their Translation

汉语称谓语丰富繁杂、分类精细、指称具体,而英语称谓语宽泛笼统、分类单一、语义模糊。造成这种差异的根源是汉民族是以家庭为主体的农耕经济,以儒家文化为主干,宗法意识浓厚;而英语民族是以个人为本位的商业经济,源于希腊罗马文化,人文成分较多。因此,翻译时对亲属称谓语的处理实非易事,本文通过实例说明了亲属称谓语可采取包括归化法在内的五种翻译方法。

Chinese kinship-term-system is well formed and each term is of a specific referential meaning, while English one is relatively general in meaning. The main reasons lie in their different traditional economies types and cultures types, which lead Chinese people paying great attention on patriarchal clans and English people showing much concern on humanism. These bring many difficulties in the translation of kinship terms. During translation, methods should be varied according to the specific situations. In this paper the author recommends us five methods.