乌苏里藜芦碱对血小板聚集及凝血与出血时间的影响

Effects of Veratrum nigrum var. ussuriense alkaloids on platelet aggregation and time of coagulation and bleeding

目的 研究乌苏里藜芦碱 (Vn A)对大鼠的抗血小板作用及其对小鼠凝血时间和出血时间的影响。方法 比浊法测定正常大鼠及血瘀模型大鼠血小板聚集百分率 ,观察 Vn A抗血小板作用。毛细玻璃管法测定小鼠全血凝血时间 (CT) ;比较等效抗凝剂量的 Vn A及肝素对小鼠尾出血时间 (BT)的影响。结果 Vn A(45、30、15 μg/ kg,iv)对 ADP诱发的大鼠血小板聚集有明显抑制作用 ,且呈剂量依赖性。 Vn A (12 .5、2 5、5 0、10 0μg/ kg,ip)可明显延长小鼠 CT和 BT,等效抗凝剂量的 Vn A(49.3μg/ kg,ip)所致 BT延长略低于肝素 (1.2 5 mg/ kg,ip) ,但无统计学意义。结论 Vn A具有显著抗血小板作用 ,能显著延长 CT,对 BT的延长作用不超过肝素。

Object To study the effects of Veratrum nigrum L. var. ussuriense Nakai alkaloids (VnA) on platelet aggregation in rats and coagulation time, bleeding time in mice. Methods The antiplatelet effect of VnA was examined by determining platelet aggregation rate in normal rats and blood stasis model rats by turbidimetric method developed by Born. Whole blood coagulation time (CT) in mice was measured by capillary glass tube method, bleeding time (BT) by hemorrhagic transection of mouse tail model. Results VnA (45, 30, and 15 μg/kg, iv) significantly inhibited ADP-induced platelet aggregation in rats in a dose-dependent manner. VnA (12.5, 25, 50, and 100 μg/kg, ip) markedly increased CT and BT in mice. VnA [49.3 μg/kg, which was anticoagulantly equieffective to heparin (1.25 mg/kg), ip] prolonged BT. There was no statistically significant difference in BT between VnA and heparin, although BT increase induced by VnA was shorter than that induced by heparin. Conclusion VnA has significant antiplatelet effect in rats and can prolong CT and BT in mice. At equieffective dose VnA-induced BT increase does not exceed that heparin induced.