炭化酸溶法消解PVC塑料ICP-AES法测定镉铬铅钡砷硒等元素

Determination of trace elements As, Ba, Cd, Cr, Pb, Se by ICP-AES with carbonize-acid-dissolution method for digesting PVC plastics

采用炭化酸溶法消解PVC塑料,首先用HNO3消解试样中易消解的部分,并蒸干,然后,残留物在300℃左右电热板上炭化,裂解为小分子碳化物或碳残渣,再用HNO3 HClO4在200℃左右完全消解,采用ICP AES法测定。本法简便,快速,回收率为87.2%～106.4%。由于经过炭化过程,在消解过程中虽然采用了高氯酸,但也不会发生爆炸。

The PVC plastics is one kind of the most difficult dissolution samples in acid. In this paper, a method using carbonize-acid-dissolution for digesting PVC plastics was developed. The details were as follows: first, the easier digested part in the samples was solued in HNO_3 and evaporated until dry, and then the residues were carbonized at about 300 ℃ to form small molecule carbide and carbon resides, successively were completely digested in mixed acid of HNO_3 and HClO_4. The method was simple and rapid with lower detection limit. The satisfactory results were obtained with recoveries of 87.2%～1064%.