驻京部队无偿献血者血源性传染病标志物检验结果分析

Transfusion Transmitted Disease Markers among Military Volunteer Donors in Beijing Area

目的 调查分析 1999年 9月～ 2 0 0 3年 8月 ,驻京部队无偿献血者血源性传染病标志物阳性率及其变化趋势 ,探讨造成部队官兵献血化验不合格的主要原因。方法 无偿献血的 4 4 35 3名驻京部队官兵的血液化验初、复检结果不合格者按照 4个年度进行统计分析。结果 初检不合格率为 8.0 1% ,复检不合格率为 0 .6 8% ;造成驻京部队无偿献血者初、复检结果不合格的主要原因是 AL T的升高 ;初检 AL T不合格率平均为 6 .6 0 % ,占不合格血液的 82 .32 % ;复检 AL T不合格率平均为 0 .4 3% ,占复检不合格血液的 6 2 .2 0 % ;复检抗 - HCV不合格占到了复检不合格血液的 2 5 .2 0 % ,但近两年呈下降趋势 ;梅毒试验不合格的献血者则有上升趋势 ;采用蛋白印迹法确认后未发现抗 - HIV阳性的献血者。结论 部队官兵属于血源性传染病的低危人群 ;采集低危人群血液是控制受血者因输血而交叉感染的有效措施 ;部队官兵献血应避开高强度训练及其他易导致 AL T升高的活动。

OBJECTIVE To investigate and analyze the positive rate of transfusion transmitted disease markers and its tendency among military volunteer donors in Beijing area; to explore the major factor which led the donor fail to pass the screening test. METHODS Altogether 44 353 military donors test data were stated and analyzed from Sep 1999 to Aug 2003, which included alanine aminotransferase (ALT), hepatitis B surface antigen ((HBsAg),) anti-hepatitis C virus antibody (anti-HCV), Treponema pallidum (TP) test and anti-human (immunodeficiency) virus antibody (anti-HIV). RESULTS In the pre-donation test, the overall positive rate was (8.01%,) while in post-donation, it was 0.68%. The elevation of ALT was the major both in pre-donation and post-donation tests. In pre-donation test, ALT elevated samples accounted for 6.60%, which composed (82.32%) of all positive samples. In (post-donation) test, the ALT elevated samples accounted for 0.43%, which occupied (62.20%) of all abandoned blood units. The anti-HCV positive blood units accounted for 25.20% in post-donation test, but it decreased in recent two years. An ascended tendency was observed among military donors. No (anti-HIV) positive donor was checked by the West-blot validated assay. CONCLUSIONS Military volunteer donors are low infectious population on transfusion-transmitted diseases. Their blood is relatively safe. Collecting blood from low infectious population is a kind of effective measure to control the hospital acquired infection in blood recipients. The military staff blood donation should avoid the fatigue training and other activities which would bring on ALT elevation.