化学消毒剂对牙科手机灭菌效果研究

Sterilizing Effect of Chemical Disinfectors on Dental Handpieces

目的 为制定我国牙科手机化学灭菌标准及其操作规范提供参考数据。方法 选择国内目前应用比较普遍的几种用于牙科手机灭菌处理的化学消毒剂 ,对标准微生物、对牙科手机上人工污染的标准微生物及临床分离微生物、对临床使用后自然污染牙科手机进行灭菌试验观察。结果 含氯氧三嗪 (三氯异氰尿酸 )的含氯消毒剂 ,有效氯含量 2 0 0 0 mg/ L、浸泡 30 m in,可完全杀灭布片上污染的细菌及细菌芽胞、破坏 HBs Ag抗原性 ,将有效氯含量提高到 30 0 0 mg/ L、浸泡处理作用时间延长到 5 0 min,仍然不能完全杀灭污染在牙科手机上的同类微生物 ;含二氧化氯的消毒剂 ,二氧化氯含量 30 mg/ L、浸泡处理作用 4 0 min,可完全杀灭布片上污染的细菌及细菌芽胞、破坏 HBs Ag抗原性 ,将二氧化氯含量提高到 10 0 mg/ L、浸泡处理作用时间延长到 5 0 m in,仍不能完全杀灭牙科手机上污染的同类微生物 ;2 %碱性戊二醛浸泡处理作用 4 h可完全杀灭污染在布片上的细菌芽胞、破坏 HBs Ag抗原性 ,将浸泡作用时间延长到 10 h,仍不能完全杀灭牙科手机上污染的细菌芽胞 ;环氧乙烷熏蒸可完全杀灭牙科手机上污染的细菌芽胞。结论 采用化学消毒剂浸泡方式处理牙科手机达不到灭菌合格标准 ,灭菌可靠性有限 ,环氧乙烷灭菌效果可靠 ,但必须?

OBJECTIVE To provide the data for constituting the standard of chemical sterilization of dental handpieces and the criterion of operation. METHODS Killing tests by several domestically popular chemical disinfectors for sterilization of dental handpieces were used on standard microbes in laboratory, and on dental handpieces artificially contaminated by standard microbes. Make killing tests on dental handpieces naturally contaminated by clinical microbes. RESULTS Symclosene (trichloroisocyanuric acid) with 2 000 mg/L effective chlorine could entirely kill the bacteria and spores in the cloth patch and destroy HBsAg within 30 minutes, but not entirely kill the same microbes on dental handpieces with 3 000 mg/L effective chlorine within 50 minutes. Chlorine dioxide of 30 mg/L could entirely kill the bacteria and spores in the cloth patch and destroy HBsAg within 40 minutes, but its 100 mg/L could not entirely kill the same microbes on dental handpieces within 50 minutes. Glutaral (Cidex) could entirely kill the bacteria and spores in the cloth patch and destroy HBsAg within 4 hours, but not entirely kill the spores on dental handpieces within 10 hours. Ethylene oxide suffocating could entirely kill the bacteria and spores on dental handpieces. CONCLUSIONS The dental handpieces immerged in chemical disinfectors could not reach the standard of sterilization. The reliability of sterilization of disinfectors is limited, while the effect of sterilization of ethylene oxide is reliable. But the specialized equipment used in ethylene oxide sterilization is needed and operation safety and staff protection must be emphasized.