浅议唐代的言谏制度

On the System of Imperial Expostulation in the Tang Dynasty

言谏制度是中国古代监察制度的一个重要组成部分,是君主专制的自我调节机制。言谏制度在唐代得到了充分的发展,一是谏官组织机构日益完善,规模与权力相应扩大;二是谏诤达到了制度化。唐代的言谏制度在减少君主决策失误,保证封建国家机器正常运转方面起到了积极作用,而言谏制度的御用性和依赖性也暴露出了它的致命弱点。但是唐代言谏制度中某些制衡的有效性及追求社会政治清明的意义,值得我们研究与借鉴。

The system of imperial expostulation, which plays a role as the mechanism of self-regulation of monarchy, is an important component of supervising system in ancient China. The system developed fully in the Tang dynasty. First, with the unceasing consummation of setup grew consummately at that time, the size and power of imperial expostulation correspondingly were enlarged. Secondly, the expostulation became systemized. The system played a positive part in diminishing the monarchs' mistakes of decision-making and ensuring feudal states a well-balanced regulation. But its imperial and dependent nature exposed its fatal weakness. Anyway, some effective check and balance and the significance of pursuing political justness of this system in the Tang dynasty is worth investigating and using for reference.