211株肠球菌属细菌对18种抗生素的耐药性特征

Resistance of 211 isolates of Enterococci to 18 Kinds of Antibiotics

目的 了解肠球菌属对 18种抗菌药物的耐药性。方法 采用纸片扩散法进行药敏试验。结果 6 5株屎肠球菌对青霉素、氨苄西林和阿莫西林 /克拉维酸耐药率分别为 89.2 %、85 .1%和 78.5 % ;14 6株粪肠球菌对青霉素、氨苄西林和阿莫西林 /克拉维酸耐药率分别为 7.2 %、3.8%和 3.9% ,粪肠球菌对磷霉素的耐药率为 2 .8% ;粪肠球菌对高浓度链霉素耐药率 (6 0 .1% )比高浓度庆大霉素耐药率 (4 5 .3% )高药 15 % ,与粪肠球菌相反屎肠球菌对高浓度链霉素耐药率和高浓度庆大霉素的耐药率分别为 5 0 %和 80 .6 % ;2 11株菌对万古霉素、替考拉宁全部敏感 ,值得注意的是粪肠球菌和屎肠球菌对红霉素耐药率高达 78.8%和 95 .3% ;屎肠球菌对青霉素类、呋喃妥因、喹诺酮类、高浓度庆大霉素、红霉素和利福平的耐药性明显高于粪肠球菌 ,而对四环素类抗菌药物、高浓度链霉素和氯霉素的耐药性低于粪肠球菌。结论 粪肠球菌对抑制细菌细胞壁合成的青霉素、氨苄西林、阿莫西林 /克拉维酸、万古霉素、替考拉宁和磷霉素 ,作用于核酸合成的药物利福平、喹诺酮类的诺氟沙星、环丙沙星、左氧氟沙星以及作用于微生物酶系统的呋喃妥因较敏感 ;屎肠球菌对作用于蛋白质合成的抗菌药物 (除红霉素外 )四环素、多西环素和米诺环素及氯霉素?

OBJECTIVETo study the resistance of enterococci to antibiotics. METHODSDisk diffusion test was used. RESULTSThe 146 isolates of Enterococcus faecalis and 65 isolates of E. faecium showed resistant rates of 7.2% and 89.2% to penicillin, 3.8% and 85.1% to ampicillin, 3.9% and 78.5% to amoxicillin/clavulanate, 78.8% and 95.3% to erythromycin, 79.4% and 33.8% to tetracycline, 54.9% and 17.5% to doxycycline, 54.9% and 23.8% to minocycline, 41.8% and 9.5% to chloramphenicol, 39% and 76.2% to rifampin, 13% and 30.6% to nitrofurantoin, 35.2% and 87.3% to norfloxacin, 32.7% and 79.7% to ciprofloxacin, 28.2% and 78.5% to levofloxacin, respectively. The E. faecalis strains were only 2.8% resistance to fosfomycin. Resistant to high concentration gentamicin was found in 45.3% of E. faecalis and 80.6% of E. faecium isolates. However, their high concentration resistance to streptomycin was 60.1% and 50%. None of the isolates showed resistance to vancomycin or teicoplanin. CONCLUSIONSTo compare with E. faecium E. faecalis was more susceptible to bacterial cell wall synthetized antibiotics, bacterial nucleic synthetized antibiotics and nitrofurantoin, whereas E. faecium was more susceptible to bacterial protein synthetized antibiotics than E. faecalis except erythromycin.