医院感染现患率调查与监控研究

Hospital Infection: Investigation and Control

目的 了解医院感染现状 ,为完善医院感染监控提供科学依据。方法 床边调查和住院病历调查相结合。结果 当天医院感染现患率为 6 .0 9% ;感染部位依次是呼吸道、泌尿道、手术部位、肠道 ;高危科室为内分泌肾病科、神经外科、肿瘤科等 ;医院感染中的病原体以条件致病菌为主 ;抗菌药物当天使用率为 6 8.15 %。结论 内源性感染是我院医院感染的主要部分 :基础病严重、侵袭性操作、激素应用及不合理使用抗菌药物等是造成医院感染的主要危险因素 ;强调在常规监测基础上 ,建立目标监控管理模式和加强临床、微生物室、监控部门的紧密协作的重要性。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the present situation of hospital infection and to provide scientific data for surveillance of hospital infection. METHODS Bed-side examination and medical records of patients were studied retrospectively. RESULTS The rate of hospital infection was 6.09%; infection site existed mainly in respiratory tract, urinary tract and operation sites; the high-risk wards were in endocrinological, nephrotic, neurosurgery and neoplasm departments; the pathogens caused hospital infection were mainly conditional bacteria; the application rate of antibiotics was 68.15% at the day of investigation. CONCLUSIONS Endogenous infection is the main reason of hospital infection; heavy primary disease, invasive examination, hormone application and irrational use of antibiotics are the main risk factors of hospital infection. The establishment of management made of target surveillance and good cooperation among clinical, microbiological and administrative departments should be emphasized.