披碱草和野大麦杂种F_1与BC_1F_1代的生物学及农艺特性研究

Studies on the Biological and Agronomic Characters of Elymus dahuricus,Hordeum brevisubulatum and Their Hybrid F_1 and BC_1F_1.

对披碱草和野大麦及其杂种F1与BC1F1代的生物学及农艺特性进行了分析比较。结果表明,亲本野大麦生长发育节律较快,较早地开花结实,果后营养期较长,生育期74d,生长天数达206d,具有很强的分蘖能力;披碱草生长发育节律较慢,生育期124d,生长天数193d;杂种F1的生长天数介于双亲之间,生长动态偏向亲本披碱草,分蘖能力介于双亲之间;BC1F1代生长发育节律较F1代提早,不同株系生长天数不同,生长动态偏向轮回亲本野大麦,分蘖能力有较大的变异。杂种F1代表现出较强的杂种优势,BC1F1代产草量较F1代有所降低,不同株系间存在明显的差异。总体上,BC1F1代的生产性能倾向于轮回亲本野大麦。

The biological and agronomic characters of Elymus dahuricus, Hordeum brevisubulatum and their hybrid F_1 and BC_1F_1 were studied. The results showed that Hordeum brevisubulatum developed rapidly, flowered and bore fruits earlier,the period of vegetative growth was longer, growing and developing period was 74 days,growing period was as long as 206 days, tillering ability was strong.Elymus dahuricus developed slowly, growing and developing period was 124 days, growing period was 193 days.The growing period of hybrid F_1 was between Elymus dahuricus and Hordeum brevisubulatum,growth dynamics tended to Elymus dahuricus,tillering ability was between Elymus dahuricus and Hordeum brevisubulatum.BC_1F_1 developed earlier than F_1,there were differences in growing periods among BC_1F_1 lines; growth dynamics tended to recurrent parent Hordeum brevisubulatum;the tillering ability of BC_1F_1 was varied greatly. Hybrid F_1 had strong hterosis.The yield of BC_1F_1 was lower than that of F_1, there were significant differences in the yield among BC_1F_1 lines; basically the production performance of BC_1F_1 tended to recurrent parent Hordeum brevisubulatum.