头孢地尼对儿科呼吸道常见致病菌体外抗菌活性的研究

In vitro antibacterial activity of cefdinir against isolates of respiratory tract pathogens in children

目的 探讨头孢地尼对小儿呼吸道常见致病菌的体外抗菌活性。方法 E test法测定头孢地尼对肺炎链球菌等 7种细菌共 380株的最低抑菌浓度 (MIC) ,并与头孢克洛作对比研究。结果青霉素敏感肺炎链球菌 (PSSP)对头孢地尼和头孢克洛均敏感 ,青霉素耐药肺炎链球菌 (PRSP)均耐药 ,青霉素中介肺炎链球菌 (PISP)对头孢地尼敏感率 72 0 % ,头孢克洛为 5 8 0 %。不产 β内酰胺酶的流感嗜血杆菌 (HI)对两者均敏感 ,但对产 β内酰胺酶HI,头孢地尼敏感率 85 0 %、头孢克洛 70 0 % ,MIC90 值头孢地尼 (1 5mg/L)明显低于头孢克洛 (2 5 6 0mg/L)。卡他莫拉菌 (MC)、A组链球菌 (GAS)和甲氧西林敏感的金黄色葡萄球菌 (MSSA) ,以及不产超广谱 β内酰胺酶 (ESBLs)的大肠埃希菌(E coli)、肺炎克雷伯菌 (K pn) ,对头孢地尼抗菌活性均优于头孢克洛。对产ESBLs的菌株 ,两者均无抗菌活性。结论 头孢地尼对PSSP、PISP、HI、GAS、MC、MSSA以及ESBLs(- )K pn和E

Objective To study the in vitro antibacterial activity of cefdinir against clinical isolates of respiratory tract pathogens in Children. Methods MIC values of cefdinir against 380 strains were determined with E-test method and compared with those of cefaclor. Results All penicillin-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae (PSSP) strains were also susceptible to cefdinir and cefaclor. Both cefdinir and cefaclor were not active against penicillin-resistant SP (PRSP). Against penicillin-intermediate SP (PISP) the susceptibility rates of cefdinir and cefaclor were 70.1% and 57.4%, respectively. The activity of cefdinir and cefaclor against beta-lactamases negative Hemophilus influenzae (HI) was excellent, but the susceptibility rates of cefdinir and cefaclor against beta-lactamases positive HI were 85.0% and 70.0%, respectively with MIC_(90) of 1.5 mg/L vs. 256.0 mg/L. Cefdinir presented higher activities and lower MIC values than cefaclor against Moraxella catarrhalis (MC), Group A streptococcus (GAS), methicillin susceptible staphylococcus aureus (MSSA), and extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) negative Escherichia coli(E. coli) or Klebsiella pneumoniae (K.pn). Both cefdinir and cefaclor were not susceptible to ESBLs positive E. coli and K. pn. Conclusions Cefdinir exhibits excellent activity against PSSP, PISP, HI, as well as MC, GAS, MSSA and ESBLs negative E. coli or K. pn.