进城民工对性病/艾滋病的认知状况及影响因素

A study on awareness of sexually-transmitted disease / acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and related factors among migrant workers in Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province of China

目的 了解进城民工对性病 /艾滋病及其传播途径的认知状况。方法 2 0 0 2年 8月3～ 19日采用匿名自填式问卷调查方法 ,调查杭州市进城民工的一般人口社会学特征、对性病和艾滋病的认知状况并进行分析。结果 30 0 1名进城民工中 ,大多数对性病 /艾滋病认识不全面。 5 5 6人(18 8% )认为安全套不能预防性病 ,75 9人 (2 5 3% )不知道是否可以预防。 35 7人 (11 9% )认为艾滋病不可以预防 ,74 6人 (2 4 9% )认为艾滋病可以治愈 ,6 37人 (2 1 2 % )并不认为正确使用安全套可以减少艾滋病 ,72 5人 (2 4 2 % )认为与艾滋病患者握手、拥抱可以感染艾滋病。不同性别、婚姻状况和文化程度对性病 /艾滋病的认知状况有影响。结论 进城民工缺乏有关性病 /艾滋病的知识。应以社区为基地 ,切实做好该高危人群性病 /艾滋病的健康教育工作。

Objective To understand awareness on transmission routes of sexually transmitted diseases and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (STD/AIDS) among migrant workers in Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in migrant workers in Hangzhou with self-administered anonymous questionnaire to collect their demographic information and awareness on STD/ AIDS. All the data were analyzed by SPSS 11.0 software. Results A total of 3 001 subjects were interviewed. Most of them have already had some knowledge about STD/AIDS, but not complete. There were 556 (18.8%) migrant workers did not understand that condom could prevent from STD, and 759 did not know if it could do. There were 357 (11.9%) workers did not know AIDS could be prevented, and 746 (24.9%) thought that AIDS could be cured. There were 637 workers did not know that correct use of condom could reduce occurrence of AIDS, and 725 of them thought AIDS could be infected by hands-shaking and hugging with patients of AIDS. There existed statistically significant difference in awareness on STD/AIDS between men and women, workers with varied marital status and education levels. Conclusions Awareness on STD/AIDS in migrant workers was smattering, allowing of not optimistic. Community-based health education on knowledge about STD/ AIDS should be strengthened among high-risk migrant workers with varied channels to improve their awareness.