论英国资产阶级革命初期的地主政治

On the Landlord Politics in the Early Days of British Bourgeois Revolution

英国从封建社会向资本主义社会过渡时期 ,新兴地主阶级崛起 ,赖其拥有雄厚的经济实力 ,得以入选国会 ,在资产阶级革命时成为领导阶级 ,随后独掌政权。英国地主政治废除一些封建法规 ,大肆推行圈地运动 ,鼓励发展工商业 ,在维护地主阶级利益的同时 ,一定程度上满足了资产阶级的要求 ,不自觉地加快了资本原始积累的进程 ,导致英国率先爆发工业革命。工业革命改变了英国国内各阶级的经济实力和力量对比。工业资产阶级乘势而起 ,经过几次社会改革终于取代地主阶级而成为当权者。

From feudal society to capitalism society in England, new landlord class arose. It was chosen in parliament with its economic strength, and served as the leading class in the bourgeois revolution and then wielded political power. The British landlord politics abolished lots of feudal laws, encircled wantonly and encouraged the development of industry and commerce, which, to a certain degree, not only safeguarded the landlord class’ interests but also satisfied the bourgeoisie’ demands. This helped in speeding up the course of primitive accumulation of capital unconsciously and caused the industrial revolution in Britain first. The industrial revolution changed the economic structure and power of classes in British. The industrial bourgeoisie seized the opportunity, replaced the landlord class and rose to become the powerful class in government after social changes.