从“单位管理”到“社区服务”——论城市人口与计划生育工作模式的双重转变

From Unit Management to Community Service——Discussing on Double Transition of Urban Population and Work Pattern of Family Planning

由于国有企业社会管理功能的剥离、多种所有制的共存、失业和下岗人员的增多以及流动人口大潮的形成 ,加上原有户籍制度管理作用的淡化和政府管理职能的转化 ,传统的人口与计生工作“单位管理”模式已很难适应时代的发展需要 ,急需改革与创新。 90年代以来城市社区的蓬勃发展为此提供了契机 ,依托社区 ,实现从“单位管理”到“社区服务”的城市人口与计划生育工作模式的双重转变已是势在必行。新的城市计生工作“社区服务”模式一般具有属地管理 ,单位负责 ,居民自治和社区服务四个要素 ,与“单位管理”模式相比 ,“社区服务”模式有着自身的特点与优势。

Because state_owned enterprie's social management functions strip, coexistence of many kinds of ownership, increase of unemployment and laid_off, enlargement of floating population, desalinization on the original mauagement role of household register system and transformation of government's management function, it is very difficult for traditional unit managed mode of population and family planning work to meet the needs of development of the times, it needs reform and innovation badly. Since the 1990s the flourishing development of the urban community has offered the opportunity to improve. Relied on the community, realizing urban population and family planning work pattern double transition from unit management to community service is imperative. The new urban family planning work “community service' generally has four key elements: managed possessions, responsibility of unit, resident's autonomy and community service. Compared with the unit management mode, community service mode has it's own characteristics and advantages.