中国7个地方绵羊品种遗传多样性的微卫星分析

Genetic diversity in seven Chinese indigenous sheep breeds based on microsatellite analysis

利用 2 6个微卫星标记分析了中国 7个地方绵羊 (Ovisaries)品种的遗传多样性。通过计算基因频率、平均杂合度 (H)、多态信息含量 (PIC)及有效等位基因数 (Ne) ,并根据Nei氏标准遗传距离 ,利用UPGMA法进行了聚类分析 ,评估其种内遗传变异和品种间遗传关系。结果表明 :2 6个微卫星位点共检测到 2 78个等位基因 ,Ne在 2 .12 88- 13.392 4之间 ;以等位基因频率为基础 ,得出位点的平均杂合度在 0 .0 6 2 9- 0 .5 90 3之间 ,品种平均杂合度在0 .36 33- 0 .4 4 89之间。 2 6个位点均为高度多态位点 ,PIC在 0 .6 6 2 8- 0 .8712之间。聚类分析表明哈萨克羊、阿勒泰羊和巴音布鲁克羊遗传关系最近 ;然后与白藏羊、黑藏羊聚为一类 ;湖羊和晋中羊聚为一类。各绵羊品种的聚类关系与其来源、育成史及地理分布基本一致。

Genetic diversity in seven Chinese indigenous sheep breeds was estimated using 26 microsatellite markers. The allele frequency, mean heterozygosity, polymorphism information content, effective number of alleles, genetic distance,and dendrogram analysis were used to assess the genetic variability and genetic relationships among the seven breeds. A total of 278 alleles were detected, and the 26 loci were highly polymorphic. The effective number of alleles ranged from 2.1288 to 13.3924, mean heterozygosity of loci from 0.0629 to 0.5903, mean heterozygosity of breeds from 0.3633 to 0.4489, and polymorphism information content from 0.6628 to 0.8712. In the Neighbor-Joining tree based on Nei′s standard genetic distance, the seven sheep breeds formed two groups: Hazake sheep, Altay Fat-rumped sheep and Bayinbuluke sheep were closely related, then clustered with Baizang sheep and Heizang sheep; and the second group consisted of Hu sheep and Jinzhong sheep. The dendrogram relationship between different sheep breeds was generally in accordance with their origins, breeding history and localities.