溶磷真菌促进磷素吸收和作物生长的作用研究

Effect of phosphate-dissolving fungi on growth and phosphorus uptake of crops

在盆栽条件下,利用花生、玉米、油菜在3种不同磷水平的石灰性土壤上,采用土壤耗竭性连续种植的方法,研究了溶磷青霉菌P8对吸收土壤磷素和作物生长的影响。结果表明,3种土壤上接种青霉菌P8菌剂都能提高作物的吸磷量,其生物产量比不接种显著提高,且在有效磷低的土壤上其增产幅度大于有效磷高的土壤;接种青霉菌P8在一定程度上能缓解和改善低温对作物生长和磷素吸收的不良影响。无论在有效磷高还是低的土壤,青霉菌P8都具有活化土壤磷、提高土壤磷素的利用效率和促进作物苗期生长的作用。

Pot experiment was carried out in soil conditions to evaluate the effects of phosphate-dissolving fungus (Penicillium oxalicum P8) on plant growth and P uptake. Three types of calcareous soil and three crops as maize (Zea Mays), peanut (Atachis hypogaea L.) and canola (Brassica napus) were employed. Soil in all pots planted 5 sets crop in succession and each set of crop was harvested after 30d growth. Results showed that inoculation of Penicillium oxalicum P8 could increase the biomass and P uptake of all three crops in all soils. The effect of Penicillium oxalicum P8 with peanut was more significant than that with corn or canola. Increment rate of peanut and canola biomass in soil with lower available P was greater than soil with higher available P. As for P uptake, only canola growing in soil containing lower available P enhanced the percentage of P uptake more than that in soil with higher available P. In a certain extent, inoculation of Penicillium oxalicum P8 could alleviate the negative effect of lower temperature on crop growth and phosphorus uptake during growing stage.