集体效能:一种团体研究的主体性视角

Collective Efficacy: An Agency Perspective of Group Research

班杜拉于20世纪80年代中期将个体效能研究拓展到集体效能研究,吸引了相当数量研究者的注意。研究发现,集体效能信念在集体活动的因果结构中起着关键的作用,它不但能直接影响集体行为,而且还能作用于其它决定集体行为的因素,如目标设定、抱负水平、结果预期、情感倾向、对社会机遇和社会阻力的知觉等等。该文对近年来的集体效能研究进行梳理,考察不同领域的集体效能研究状况,并初步总结出相应的理论共识,指出该研究的贡献和局限。

Bandura extended the conception of human agency to collective efficacy in the mid-1980s. Researchers interested in collective efficacy were getting to draw general conclusions, and they agreed that CE played a key role in causal structures because it affected behavior not only directly, but by its impacts on other determinants such as goals and aspirations, outcome expectations, affective proclivities, and perception of sociostructual impediments and opportunity structure. This paper performed an overview on the research of CE, in order to get the common results and evaluation of it.