舟山地区学龄前儿童适应行为的调查

Study on preschool children′s adaptive behaviors on Zhoushan island

目的 了解舟山海岛学龄前儿童适应行为的状况及发展水平。方法 采用湖南医科大学姚树桥、龚耀先编制的“儿童适应行为评定量表”(CABS) ,对 10 2 2名学龄前儿童进行调查。结果 被调查的 10 2 2名学龄前儿童中 ,男性 5 88名与女性 4 34名的适应能力商数 (ADQ)分级的构成比无显著差异(P >0 0 5 ) ,ADQ均数为 10 9 5 2± 15 72 ,按ADQ划级属平常水平 ,而男性感觉运动分量表显著高于女性(P <0 0 5 ) ,女性在语言发展分量表、认知功能因子和适应能力商数显著高于男性 (P <0 0 1)。其他如生活自理、个人取向、社会责任、时空定向、经济活动分量表和独立功能因子、社会 /自制因子 ,男女性之间均无显著差异P >0 0 5 )。随着年龄的增长 ,适应行为评定量表的各分量表粗分逐渐增加 ,学龄前儿童适应行为商数和其父母亲的职业、受教育程度存在显著相关性 (P <0 0 1)。结论 舟山海岛学龄前儿童适应行为水平发展不平衡 ,其适应行为发展水平受多种因素影响 ,应采取综合措施进行相对性干预。

Objective: In order to learn the present developmental situation of preschool children′s adaptive behaviors. Methods: We investigated 1,002 preschool children in ZhouShan city by Scale of Child Adaptive Behavior (CABS). Results: We found Adaptive Behavior Quotient (ADQ) and scores of some subscales is quite different between girls and boys. The diversity was mainly shown in the following aspects: language development, cognition and Adaptive Behavior Quotient (ADQ). The level of adaptive behaviour of preschool children will rise with the age increasing. Adaptive Behavior Quotient (ADQ) of preschool children was positively correlation with parent′s education and parent′s vocations. Conclusion: The level of preschool children′s ability to adapt in ZhouShan city isn′t balant. There are many factors affecting children′s adaptive behaviors and we should take some measures to intervene relatively.