未婚发病精神分裂症患者的社会功能和影响因素调查

A survey on the social functions and influential factors of unmarried schizophrenics

目的 调查首次发病为未婚的社区精神分裂症病人的社会功能状况和影响因素。方法以自制调查问卷、简明精神症状量表 (BPRS)、阳性症状量表 (SAPS)、阴性症状量表 (SANS)和社会功能缺陷筛选量表 (SDSS) ,对未婚发病的社区精神分裂症病人进行调查。结果 共完成有效调查 6 4 2例 ,存在社会功能缺陷者 5 0 8例 ,占 79.1%。主要表现在职业与工作功能、对外界的兴趣、缺乏责任心和计划性、社会退缩 ,分析表明 ,与社会功能缺陷密切相关的显著性因素除了阳性、阴性精神症状的严重程度之外 ,回归分析还显示其影响因素依次为婚姻、住院次数、文化程度、职业。结论 社区中未婚发病的精神分裂症患者的社会功能残疾仍较为普遍 ,应该重视这些患者的社会康复。

Objective: To explore the social functions and influential factors of unmarried schizophrenics in community. Methods: 642 subjects were involved in the study. Scales including self-designed questionnaire, BPRS, SAPS, SANS and SDSS were used and the collected information was analyzed through single-factor analysis and logic analysis. Results: Of all the subjects, 508 patients (79.1%) suffered from social disabilities whereas the rest (20.9%) did not. The main social disabilities were un-qualification in work, loss of the interest in society, lack of responsibility and plans and dis-adaptability to the society. In addition to the severity of the positive and negative psychiatric symptoms, such factors as married status, the times of hospitalization, educational level and occupation also influenced the social functions significantly. Conclusion: Social disabilities are common to be found among unmarried schizophrenics in community. Hence, much attention should be paid to the return to the society of the patients.