医务人员SARS感染的危险因素病例对照研究

A case-control study on the risk factors of severe acute respiratory syndromes among health care workers

目的 了解医院医务人员感染严重急性呼吸综合征(SARS)的相关危险因素。方法 应用病例对照研究设计,采用统一的调查表,调查接触和诊治SARS患者的医务人员造成感染SARS的可疑危险因素,以SARS患者为病例.未被感染者为对照,用SPSS 10.0软件进行单因素分析,SAS6.12进行多因素非条件logistic回归分析。结果 在所调查的49种因素中,27种与SARS感染显著关联,其中22种因素为保护性因素,5种为危险性因素。多因素非条件logistic回归分析结果显示:戴眼镜、受分泌物喷溅污染、穿防护服、从事现职时间、与患者接触方式和口罩类型等6种因素在SARS院内感染中起到重要作用。结论 医务人员在诊治SARS患者中,其医疗活动所涉及诸多因素与促使或造成感染有关,建议医务人员在临床诊治SARS患者时,防护重点应放在口罩、眼罩和防护服的穿戴上。

Objective To study the factors in relation to severe acute respiratory syndromes(SARS) among health care workers and to develop related protective measures. Methods Case-control study was applied. A standardized questionnaire was used to collect SARS related information for health care workers who had contacted or treated SARS patients. Univariate analysis was conducted using SPSS 10.0 software package and multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted using SAS 6.12. Results Twenty-seven of the 49 factors under study were significantly associated with SARS infection, in which 22 factors were protective, and the other 5 were risk factors. 27 factors were included for muhivariate logistic regression analysis. Results showed that six factors as wearing eye glasses, wearing protection gowns, exposure to secrets/mode of contact with SARS patients, types of mask and the working years arc, remained significant association with hospital infection of SARS. Conclusion SARS infection in heath care workers was related to many factors during the process of diagnoses and/or treatment. It is recommended that adequate masks, eye-protection and protective gowns should be adopted for heath care workers during the process of clinical diagnoses and treatment of SARS patients.