极低出生体重儿早产儿视网膜病的高危因素分析

The high risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity in very low birth weight infants

目的 :探讨极低出生体重儿 ( VL BW)早产儿视网膜病 ( ROP)的患病率、高危因素。方法 :分别对 1997～ 2 0 0 0年期间 2 33例 VL BW和 1999～ 2 0 0 0年期间 12 1例 VL BW进行回顾性分析。结果 :2 33例 VL BW中有 5 6例 ROP,患病率为2 4 .0 % ,其中每年 ROP患病率在 2 2 .6 %～ 2 5 .5 % ,1例致盲。通过对 30余种高危因素与 12 1例 VL BW发生 ROP关系进行综合分析及应用逐步 L ogistic回归分析法发现 ,低出生体重、输血、低氧血症、低碳酸血症是造成 ROP的重要原因。结论 :预防 ROP的发生应首先减少低出生体重儿的发生率 ,减少输血 ,预防和及时纠正低氧血症、低碳酸血症。

Objective:To investigate the incidence and risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in very low birth weight infants(VLBW).Methods:A retrospective study was performed in 233 VLBW from 1997 to 2000 and 121 VLBW from 1999 to 2000.Results:56 VLBW had ROP (24.0%),the yearly incidence of ROP varied between 22.6% to 25.5%,one was blind.More than thirty factors of newborn period were choosen to analyse the risk factors of ROP in 121 VLBW,low birth weight,number of blood transfusions,hypoxemia and hypocarbia were found to be the major causes of ROP by using stepwise logistic regression analyse.Conclusion:To prevent ROP,firstly incidence of low birth weight infants should be decreased,number of blood transfusions should be reduced,hypoxemia and hypocarbia were prevented and corrected timely.