注意缺陷多动障碍儿童注意网络的特点

A preliminary study on the attentional networks of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

目的 :探讨注意缺陷多动障碍儿童 (attentiondeficithyperactivitydisorder,ADHD)注意网络的特点。方法 :以2 5例符合DSM Ⅳ诊断标准的ADHD门诊患儿 ,以及按年龄、性别和智商配对的 2 5名正常儿童为研究对象 ;采用神经心理测试软件ANT(attentionalnetworkstest)对其觉醒、指向及执行控制三种注意网络的效率进行测试与比较。结果 :(1 )ADHD组的总体正确率 (91 .2± 9.5 ) %明显低于正常对照组 (97.0± 2 .9) % ,差异有高度显著性 (P =0 .0 0 6 )。(2 )ADHD组执行控制网络项效应量 (1 1 8± 38)ms明显高于对照组 (93± 2 8)ms ,差异有显著性 (P =0 .0 1 2 )。(3)未发现ADHD组与正常对照组的觉醒和指向两个注意网络存在差异。结论

Objective: To investigate the efficiency of the three attentional networks in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods: Subjects were 25 children, aged 7 to 12 years, with DSM Ⅳ ADHD and 25 non ADHD controls matched by age, sex and IQ. Attentional networks tests were performed in all the subjects on an IBM compatible computer. Results: No differences were found between the ADHD children and the normal controls in alerting and orienting effects. However, ADHD children had a significantly larger executive control effect than their normal counterparts. The general accuracy of the ADHD children was significantly lower than that of the normal controls. Conclusion: ADHD children may have impairments in their executive control network of attention.