一个基于连通主义的二语习得认知过程模型

A Model of the Cognitive Process of SLA Based on Connectionism

连通主义自二十世纪八十年代后期以来是认知心理学的主导理论 ,它被广泛应用于包括语言学在内的各个领域。该理论不强调规则的习得 ,认为语言学习作为技能训练过程与其他技能无甚区别 ,网络在不断接收输入的过程中通过自适应、自组织性的学习实现发展与提升。目前连通主义在语言学中一般被用来进行母语研究。本文试图在深入介绍连通主义理论与网络工作特性的基础上建立一个二语习得认知过程的连通主义网络模型 ,分析图中体现的二语学习特点与连通主义具体运作特征 ,验证若干二语习得理论的合理性。

Connectionism is not the leading theory in cogniti ve psychology until the late 1980s. From then on, it has been widely applied in various fields, incl uding linguistics. Connectionism has been given much attention together with the rising and development of cognitive linguistics. According to the theory, langu age learning as a process of skill training is the same as other skills. Currentl y, most effort has been devoted to the study of one's mother tongue. This paper aime s to build up a connectionist network which shows the cognitive process of second language acquisition. First, the theory of connectionism itself and the properties of such a network are introduced; second, the network is analyzed in detail after its presentation, so as to find out the characteristics of SLA and to compare them with those given in various SLA theories generally. Through the eff ort of combining connectionism and the study of SLA, it is shown that the study of SLA can benefit from connectionism, and that connectionism and cognitivism are related to each other and should exist together.