摘要
本文讨论汉语中"从言语到言语行为"这类词义演变。该词义演变是指:某些词语(用X表示),尤其是惯用语,发展出了"说 X"这个意义。这类词义演变常发展出动词义。新义首先是不及物动词,然后可能发展为及物动词。新义具有很强的语用特性,通常是整个话语的用意而非该词语的字面义,表示"以言行事"这种言语行为。真正发生该类演变的词语是极少的,一些词语只有作动词的临时用法。传统所说的意动用法,有的与这类词义演变有关,其实并不是义为"认为什么",而是义为"说什么"。
This paper explores a special type of semantic change in Chinese,i.e.,certain words or phrases(X),especially a locution or part of a locution,have developed a new meaning whichmeans'say X'.There are cases of this semantic change in both ancient and modern Chinese.New meaning,usually first appearing as an intransitive verb,could possibly develop intotransitive verb.It bears strong pragmatic properties and may be only for temporary usage and hasnot yet become conventionalized.In the light of this illustration,some temporary usages of verbsand nouns in the classical texts can be explained from a new perspective,that is,they do notmean'one thinks'but'one says'.
出处
《中国语文》
CSSCI
北大核心
2004年第5期401-411,共11页
Studies of the Chinese Language
