论曹禺剧作中的懦弱男子形象

On Weak Male Characters in Plays by Cao Yu

在曹禺的剧作中,有一个"懦弱型"男子的形象系列,包括周萍、焦大星、曾文清、高觉新等,这是曹禺作品中最成功的人物类型之一。剧作家对他们的描写有着潜在的一致性:他们都生长、生活在封建意识非常浓厚的家庭环境里,家长专制的气息异常浓烈;从接受的文化教育看,他们更多地受封建伦理道德及士大夫文化的影响;从感情生活看,常处在两个女人的情感夹缝中。通过对这些形象的塑造,一方面否定了养成这些"废物"的社会环境,另一方面也对人的生存困境进行了深入地探讨。

In Cao Yu's plays, there is a series of 'weak male characters'. It includes Zhou Ping, Jiao Da-xing, Zen Wen-qing, Gao Jue-xing and so on. This is one kind of the most successful characters in Cao Yu's plays. You can find implicit conformity in describing these characters. They all lived in the dense atmosphere of feudal families in which patriarchal system was very strong. They were greatly influenced by feudal moral principles and literati culture. Emotionally speaking they often lived between two women. In depicting these characters, on the one hand, the writer negated the social environment which should be responsible for bringing up this kind of good-for-nothing, and on the other hand, the writer also explored into the environment in which people should live.