文化模式及其对心理与行为的影响

Cultural Dimensions and Its Impact on Mind and Behavior

文化可分为集体主义文化和个体主义文化两种模式。集体主义文化培育出集体中心的人格倾向 ,个体主义文化培育出个体中心的人格倾向。这两种人格倾向具有不同的自我概念 ,并进而对认知、学习、情绪和动机等产生影响。由此得出的结论是 :心理学的研究成果具有文化的局限性 ,没有所谓的“放之四海而皆准”的心理和行为定律。

Culture influences mind and behavior. According to some researches, culture might be divided into two dimensions, that is, collectivism and individualism. Collectivist culture cultivates allocentrism in personality, and individualist culture brings about idiocentrism in personality. Because allocentrism and idiocentrism have divergent self concept, they influence the development of cognition, learning, emotion and motivation differently. It is concluded that the results of psychological researches have the limitation of the culture in which the psychologist settles. No universal truth across cultures could be found in psychology.