西气东输工程建设用地区的地质灾害

GEOLOGICAL HAZARDS IN THE AREA FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PIPELINES IN THE PROJECT OF DIVERSION OF NATURAL GAS FROM THE WESTERN TO THE EASTERN REGION

西气东输管道工程沿线建设用地区自然地理和地质环境条件复杂多样,地质灾害有明显的区域性分布规律,可以毛乌素沙漠和太行山东麓为界,分西、中、东3个区段。西区段主要的地质灾害是风蚀沙埋、盐渍土的腐蚀和盐胀以及泥石流和洪水冲蚀。中区段主要的地质灾害是滑坡、崩塌、泥石流、采空塌陷以及黄土的湿陷和潜蚀。东区段主要的地质灾害是地面沉降、地裂缝和膨胀土的胀缩灾害。中区段是本管道工程地质灾害类型最多、灾情最重、危险性最大的地段,对该区段应重点布设地质灾害的监测和预警工程。

The physical geographical and geological environmental conditions in the area for the construction of pipelines in the project of diversion of natural gas from the western to the eastern region are complex and variable.The geological hazards in the area show the regional distribution pattern.With the Mu Us desert and the eastern foothills of the Taihang Mountains as the boundaries,the whole area may be divided into the west section,central section and east section.In the west section,the main hazards are eolian erosion and sand-burying,corrosion by saline soils and expansion of salt,as well as mud flows and flood erosion.Landslides,collapses,mudflows,caving-in in mined-up areas and water creep and collapsing of loess when wetted are the main hazards in the central section.In the east section,the hazards are mainly ground subsidence,ground cracks and expansion and shrinkage of expanded soils.The central section is the most dangerous part of the pipeline project area where there are the most types of geological hazards and the most serious hazards; so the monitoring and early-warning system should be set up in this section.