河西农区养殖业饲料种植模式探讨

Probing of feeding-stuff growing pattern for animal raising in Hexi agricultural region

通过5年定位试验研究,苜蓿Medicagosativa或串叶松香草Silphiumperfoliatum与玉米Zeamays单作,小麦—豆科饲草栽培模式地上生物量相当;苜蓿或串叶松香草粗蛋白、粗脂肪产量最高,667m2总产量为396 0和352 2kg,比其他粮食作物增产65 9%～185 9%。苜蓿、串叶松香草生产成本低,仅为粮食、粮—饲型种植模式的1/3～1/2。1kg粗蛋白、粗脂肪生产成本0 26～0 27元,是粮食、粮饲生产成本的1/8～1/5。饲草田效益显著,不计劳动力时,产投比为7 5～8 0,利润率6 5～7 0,是粮食生产模式的2 3～2 6倍和4 5～6 0倍。苜蓿、串叶松香草粗蛋白、粗脂肪产量相当于粮食作物的2～3倍。因此,压缩粮食作物面积,扩大饲草面积是农区发展畜牧业的最优途径。

Five years of orientation research of feeding-stuff growing pattern in Hexi proved that Medicago sativa or Silphium perfoliatum gave similar above-ground biomass to corn or wheat with legume forage. The crude protein (396.0 kg/mu) and fat (352.2 kg/mu) of Medicago sativa or Silphium perfoliatum were the highest, increasing 65.9%～185.9% than other crops, meanwhile, the cost of their production was lower, only 1/3～1/2 of crop or crop-forage production. The ratio of output to input is 7.5～8.0,giving 6.5～7.0 profit rate,2.3～2.6 and 4.5～6.0 times more than crop production. Therefore, shrinking crop growing area and expanding forage production area is the best way for animal husbandry development in Hexi agricultural region.