卫星自主导航中星光大气折射模型的研究方法

Research on Starlight Atmospheric Refraction Model in Autonomous Satellite Navigation

研究了卫星自主导航的大气折射原理及平流层大气变化规律,根据光在湍流大气中的传播机理,给出了一种采用球形大气分层的可行研究方法.应用理想气体理论,根据卫星、地球及星光切高度之间的几何关系及光学定律,建立了星光大气折射的通用模型,给出了影响导航精度高度范围内的经验公式.仿真结果表明,新模型符合大气折射的变化规律,与现有的经验公式相比,形式简单、精度较高、使用方便,而且包含了大气的实际物理状态和变化过程,更具有实际应用价值.

The principle of atmospheric refraction and variation rules of atmosphere in stratosphere were researched for autonomous satellite navigation. An available study method adopting delaminating atmosphere is given based on mechanism of light traveling in overflow atmosphere. By using perfect gas theory and based on geometric relations among satellite, the earth, tangent altitude of starlight and optics law, a universal model of starlight atmospheric refraction is set up. Furthermore, an experiential formula in an altitude range of impact navigation precision is derived. The results show that the new model is in good accordance with, the variation rules of atmospheric refraction. It has a simple form, a high precision, and is convenient in use compared with existed models. Moreover it includes the real physical state and change course of atmosphere. So it is valuable in practical use.