洞庭湖区平垸行洪对土地利用结构的影响——以湖南沅江市为例

Effects of Sluicing Flood via Plain on Regional Land Use of Dongting Lake Region——Taking Yuanjiang City of Hunan as Example

1998年长江流域发生特大洪涝灾害以后,洞庭湖区"平垸行洪,退田还湖"工程的实施,对区域土地利用结构产生了重大影响。本文以洞庭湖水系沅水归宿之地沅江市为例,分析了沅江市1999—2003年土地利用类型的变化发现:区域内耕地面积减少,水域面积大增;耕地面积转移是其它土地利用类型新增面积的主要来源;城镇农村居民点及工矿用地新增面积呈高速扩展之势。对农用地、建设用地、未利用地各类土地转化结构的分析结果表明:农用地、未利用地向建设用地的转移是该区域内土地利用类型变化的主导趋势,其中大量侵占农用地成为增加建设用地的主要途径。

Since the 1998's especially serious flood disaster, the projects of ' sluicing flood via the plain, returning the land for lakes' have being carried out, which greatly impacted the regional land use of Dongting Lake Region. Taking Yuanjiang City as a case, by consulting land use dynamic models, this paper analyzes the variation of the land use type from 1999 to 2003 and brings forward the consequence and direction of the land use conversion. The impact on Yuanjiang City's land use as follows:①the cultivated land conversion area is the largest, which is the main source of other land use conversions derived from it;②the area of urban and rural construction land and industrial and mineral construction land increase most quickly and take on a high expansion trend;③based on the analysis of the conversion structure of farmland, Construction land and bare land, the result indicates that the conversion of farmland and bare land into construction land is the main trend in this region,in which the occupation of farmland is the main source of construction land.