论全球食糖生产及其政策

On the Global Sugar Production and Its Policies

食糖是全球最受政策扭曲的农产品之一。欧盟和美国是主要实施食糖政策扭曲生产和贸易的经济体。随着"多哈议程"谈判的进行,发展中国家要求欧盟和美国改革食糖政策的呼声越来越高。改革食糖政策有利于增进全球福利。最近的研究认为,采用多边方式的改革食糖政策的获益最大,全球取消食糖政策保护1年可获得47亿美元的福利。欧洲和美国每年增加1500万t食糖,可使发展中国家增加上百万个就业机会。本文就全球食糖生产和一些国家的食糖政策作了较为全面的介绍和分析,使我们对世界农产品生产和贸易及政策有比较准确的了解。

Sugar is one of the most policy distorted of agricultural commodities in the world. The European Union and the United States are among the worst offenders. Along with the negotiations of the Doha Agenda, the voice from the developing countries to ask the European Union and the United States to reform sugar policies is getting higher and higher. Reform of sugar policies benefits improvement of world welfare. The benefits of sugar policy reform are greatest under multilateral reform, and according to recent studies, the global welfare gains of removal of all trade protection are estimated to total as much as $ 4.7 bilion a year. In countries with the highest protection (Western Europe, the U.S. Eastern Europe)net imports would increase by an estimated 15 million tons a year, which would create empolyment for nearly one million workers in developing countries. This paper presents and analyses the global sugar production and sugar policies the some counties carry out. The paper aim is to help us precisely understand the global agricultural products and trade policies on sugar.