生态景观与城市形态整合研究

Study on Ecological Landscape and its Integration With the City Form

早在19世纪末生态思想就开始用于指导城市空间结构的研究,如今景观生态学关于格局与过程的生物空间理论,已成为城市自然景观组织和生态景观建设的主要理论支撑。本文探讨了生态景观的含义及建设途径,以南京为例运用景观生态学原理研究城市形态可持续格局,分析高密度开发条件下城市自然或近自然景观与人工建筑环境整合方法,并提出了在大都市区、主城区、街区三个不同尺度上由表及里、由内而外的生态景观与城市形态整合模式:绿楔与星形放射状城市相嵌、绿径网络与街区路网纹理相伴、须状绿色延伸与邻里环境相融。为城市景观生态重建和城市化地区生态安全格局构建提供参照。

Since the end of 1800s ecology has been used in study on urban spatial structure. Within recent 20 years, the primary principles of landscape ecology have been frequently adopted in research on layout of natural open spaces in cities. This paper discussed definition and establishment of ecological landscape; with a case of Nanjing in China, analyzed the sustainabil ity of city form, explored the method of coordination of the natural and semi-natural landscape with the artificial building blocks in highly developed cities,and presented a pattern by which the ecological landscape was integrated with the city form. Its major content could be described as: integration of green wedges with star city form at the metropolis scale, integration of green way networks with road networks at the main city scale and integration of green corridors with neighborhoods at the street block scale. The case study may provide suggestions for ecological landscape restoration and for ecological security pattern establishment in urban areas.