文学和日常话语中虚拟空间的认知能量

The cognitive forces of counterfactual spaces in literature and daily language

虚拟空间是指不可能发生于现实世界中的想象的空间 ,它常用夸张将事物扭曲变形 ,或用荒诞的方法对概念进行重新组合。建构虚拟空间是认知者的一种特殊认知方式。认知者的文化认知模式中很多是由虚拟空间构成的 ,在民族语言中表现为神话、信仰、谚语等。虚拟空间以隐喻性类比的方式将其概念结构辐射到真实空间 ,同化真实空间的概念结构。虚拟空间既可用来叙事、抒情和说理 ,又可以用来进行假设性推理、策划和判断 ;既体现于文学作品中 ,也体现于日常的言语交流和解决问题的过程中。本文认为文学语言和日常语言在建构虚拟空间这一点上具有一致性。

Counterfactual spaces are the conception of the fancied world rather than the real world. They are constructed by means of hyperboles, violation of the logic of the real world or seemingly absurd integration of concepts. Their pervasiveness in myths, literatures, beliefs, idioms, etc. shows that they have constructed many of our cultural cognitive models. The conception of counterfactual spaces functions as a special way of thought in which the emergent conceptual structures are metaphorically projected; hence counterfactual spaces play indispensable roles not only in problem solving, but also in communication. The paper concludes that literary and daily languages are similar in that both involve counterfactual space construction.