番茄成熟突变体(rin,nor,alc)及其F_1的贮藏生理特性研究

PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERS FOR STORAGE PROPERTY OF THE 'alc', 'nor', 'rin' RIPENING MUTANTS AND ITS F_1 IN TOMATO

本研究对番茄成熟突变体rin、nor、alc材料与正常成熟番茄品种及其杂种一代果实,在绿熟期采收后果实的呼吸强度、乙烯释放量及多聚半乳糖醛酸酶(PG)活性进行了测定和分析。结果表明:具rin、nor、alc基因的番茄果实无呼吸和乙烯跃变期,其硬度降低慢,果实中PG活性较低,它们的贮藏指数是正常成熟番茄的3倍,一般可贮藏2～3个月,其与正常番茄亲本品种交配的F_1杂种果实(rin/+,nor/+,alc/+)均有一小的呼吸、乙烯高峰出现,但跃变期比正常番茄推迟5～7天,达跃变期时,果实释放的CO_2和乙烯量是正常番茄的40％～6％,PG活性和硬度变化介于双亲之间,果色与正常成熟番茄相近,果实的耐贮藏性较正常番茄有所提高。

Changcs in respiration, ethylene production, PG activity and firmness during repening period wcre monitored in fruits of the 'alcobaca'、' nor'、 ' rin' mutants and those of normal tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). In fruits of mutants (ale、 nor、 rin), no respiatory or ethylene climacteric was observed, Firmness dcclincd very slowly with only trace Levels of Polygalacturonase (PG) in mature fruits. They showed a 400% increase in storability compared to normal cult. 524 with a mean storage life of 90～120 days. Ripening of fruits from heterozygous (nor/+), (alc/+), (rin/+) F_1 plants was delayed. The respiratory climacteric was partially suppressed and delayed (5～7 days), peak ethylene production was 45%～65% of that in normal fruits. Fruits harvested at the mature green may reached red colour.