徂徕学与日本早期近代化的思想启蒙

The School of Ogiyuu Sorai and the Enlightenment for the Early Modernization in Japan

西学的冲击 ,使日本走上了近代化的道路。但是 ,明治维新疾速而极少反复的成功变革 ,表明日本近代化目标的实现是一个漫长的自我阵痛后的结果。这一自生过程 ,体现于江户时期的世态演变中 ,也反映在与西学没有渊源关系的思想变革里。以法家“人情论”为核心的徂徕学 ,突破了孟子朱熹的“性理论”藩篱 ,准确地把握了时代的演变趋势。江户时期的长期内在变革直接和间接地影响了明治维新这一历史事实 ,在证明了近代化道路无捷径可走之铁律的同时 。

Spurred by the impact of Western learning Japan chose the path of modernization. The Meiji Restoration that ensued was very successful and political, economic and social changes swept the whole country with great momentum. This showed that the fulfillment of modernization in Japan was also an inevitable result of a long process of self-development as embodied in the transformation of the ways of life and in the ideological evolution, a process with no link with the West during the Edo period. The School of Ogiyuu Sorai, whose theoretical core was the Legalist School's theory of human interests, shook off the yoke of the theory of inborn nature advocated by Mencius and Zhu Xi and accurately grasped the trend of the times. The historical fact that the painful internal transformation over a long period of time during the Edo period paved the way for Meiji Restoration forcefully proves that there is no shortcut to modernization and also that there are useful resources available for the modern transformation in traditional Chinese thought, especially in the thought of the Legalist School.