论明焦的史学思想——兼评其《国史经籍志·史类》

On Jiao Hong's View of Historiography -And Reviewing his ' Guoshijingjizhi of Historical Sort'

焦是晚明著名的思想家 ,也是一位史学家 ,他的史学思想体现在他对史学功用、史学标准、野史的价值、史馆修史的认识等各个方面。焦提倡史书“彰善瘅恶”的借鉴作用 ,认为史著应当经世致用 ,有益教化风气 ;就史书标准而言 ,他表彰直书实录 ,提出了著史当“善恶并列 ,不必以人为断”、“贵贱?列 ,不必以位为断”的进步观点 ;焦肯定了野史的价值 ,主张用野史补苴国史之缺 ,还为改良明代史馆修史 ,提出了自己的见解 ,他的目录学著作《国史经籍志》之“史类”反映了他对史书的理解。

Jiaohong was a famous ideologist and historian in Ming Dynasty.His historical thoughts were expressed on use of history,standard of historical works,value of unofficial history,and official compiling history. Jiaohong advocated use historyfor reference of disclosing badness and praising goodness and for educating people and practical utility. Jiaohong affirmed the value of unofficial history,which was filled the lack of official history.His comprehending of history was reflected in ' Guoshijingjizhi of historical sort'.