对游泳推进力基础理论的分析归纳与认知

Cognition and Analysis of the Classified Basic Theories in Swimming Propulsion

通过对有关臂划水理论的分析,归纳认为(1)在无固定支撑的水环境中,肢体是通过与水介质相对运动获得水环境给人体位移的反冲力,由此表明牛顿第3定律是游泳推进力的理论基础的观点并不过时。(2)在此基础上所伴生的升力推进力值受手掌的对水流攻角变化、手臂对水表面积和与手掌相对的稳定层流速度等因素的制约。(3)在人体解剖结构特点的限制下,手臂的一个完整动作轨迹过程中,游泳推进力的属性可包含3种类型:A升阻型;B升力型;C阻力型,它们之间的比值关系与手掌在立体空间的划水路线上划动方向的β角度密切相关。

Based on the correlative reference data related to the biomechanic analysis of swimming propulsion,this paper concludes that (1) Newton's Third Law is still the fundamental theory for swimming propulsion,as the drag force contributes to the body coming up from the action of the armstroke against the reaction of the fluid;(2) the value of lift force should be evaluated by the angle of hand pitch,hand plane area and the velocities of the fluid against the hand; (3) as the anatomy's limitation,the swimming propulsion's characteristics in the curve line of the armstroke defined by three kinds of forces:drag force,lift force and the grag and lift combined force.The comparison of these characteristics of forces vary with one after another according to the hand pitch angles during the process of one armstroke curve line.