杨光先与清初“历案”的再评价

A Review of Yang Guang-xian and "the Calender Case"of the Early Qing Dynasty

康熙初年,杨光先和传教士汤若望间发生的历法之争,杨光先被视做守旧士大夫的典型,几成史界共识,这种评价有失公允。其实,清初“历案”是明末清初中国以儒学为主的传统文化与西方基督教文化冲突的继续。杨氏这一做法的本质,不能简单地理解为愚顽守旧和盲目排外,而应看做是中国有识之士对西方早期殖民活动中的宗教、文化侵略的抵制与反抗。

A Debate over Calender occurred between Yang Guang-xian and Schaal,a Western missionary,in the early reignof emperor Kangxi. From this debate history community almost reached a consensus that Yang Guang-xian was aparadigmatic figure of the perverse conservative intellectuals. But this conclussion is not right. In fact, 'the calendercase' of the early Qing Dynasty was the contunity of the conflicts between confucianism--centered traditional ChineseCulture and Western Christan Culture. The nature of Yang's stand and behavior can be regarded not as perverse Conse-vative and blindly decling foreign culture,but as sensitive Chinese inteIlectuals' resistance and fight against the religiousand cultural agressions pursued by early Western colonists.