西晋大都督考略

The Exploration on the Dadudu 大都督 in West Jin Dynasty

国家设置大都督 ,最早是在魏明帝太和四年。西晋禅代魏后 ,仍然设置大都督。但这时设置的大都督 ,一般说来 ,出于两种目的 :一是西晋国家以征讨为目的而设置大都督 ;二是西晋国家为尊崇重臣而设置大都督。大都督的设置 ,在这时已失去独立性。它经常与“八公”、将军和都督诸州军事等重要职官一同授予重臣。尽管如此 ,大都督仍然起到统帅征讨军和加重重臣地位的作用。只是到西晋末年 ,由于皇权的衰微 ,才使国家设置的大都督的这些作用明显削弱了。

The system of 'Dadudu' 大都督 constituted by country can date as far back as Taihe 太和 the fourth year during the reign of King weiming.The West Jin Dynasty still constituted Dadudu after it supplanted Wei Dynasty.but dadudu constituted at that time was for two purposes in general:one is for the conquering;the other is for respecting the main minister.Constituting Dadudu had lost indispensability then.dadudu were ofter granted to the main ministers together with'Bagong'八公,generals,'DuduZhuzhouJunshi'都督诸州军事 and other important official positions.Nevertheless,Dadudu still played a role in commanding the military for conquering and enhancing the status of the main ministers.Only at the end of West Jin Dynasty,the effect of Dadudu instituted by the country was impaired because of the decline of the regality.