论杜甫荆湘时期的生存危机与自我冲突

On DuFu's Subsistence Cisis and Self-contradiction in the Period of Jing and Xiang

杜甫大历三年（768）至大历五年（770）流寓荆湘,遭遇了前所未有的困境。本文根据杜甫当时的生存环境,着重分析困境形成的原因、杜甫的应对方式及其内心冲突。本文认为,托迹官府是杜甫的理想生活方式,而与州府官员的深密交谊则是这种生活得以维持的前提。由于杜甫与卫伯玉等荆湘官员的交谊没有达到预期的深度,故其寻求官府援济的愿望未能得到积极回应,导致生活状况急剧恶化,陷入穷途末路之境。在如何应对危机的问题上,杜甫徘徊于托迹官府与遁迹山林两种方式之间而难以决断,欲托迹官府但投靠无门,欲遁迹山林却与自己毕业所追求的生活目标相背离,由此激起内心无可排遣的冲突与焦虑,最终在彷徨无着中结束了苦难的人生历程。

Dufu encountered greater difficulties than ever during his residence in HuBei and HuNan Province. This article emphatically analyses the difficulties, the causes and his reaction as well as his conflicting thoughts and anxiety.