高寒地区土地资源利用评价的GIS支持研究——以青海海北藏族自治州为例

STUDY SUPPORTED BY GIS ON EVALUATION OF UTILITY OF LAND RESOURCE IN HIGH FRIGID REGION

土地资源是人类生存的基本资料和劳动对象 ,是人地关系系统中一个重要的物质信息载体 ,是评价人类生境的一个重要对象。土地利用是人类在现阶段生产力水平下 ,对区域土地资源的开发程度和利用情况。土地资源的现状评价 ,是反映人地关系协调程度的一个重要手段。本文采用目前广泛使用的GIS先进技术手段 ,对青海省海北藏族自治州土地资源的利用现状进行了评价。表明了GIS技术对该区域土地利用评价起到了缩小工作量 ,提高精确度的作用。并且从土地利用角度对海北州人地关系现状进行了描述。

Land resource is the primary means of mankind survival, as well as subject of mankind labour. It is not only an important carrier carrying objects and information in man nature relationship, but also an important object used to evaluate environment of mankind. Land use is the state that mankind utility and exploit regional land resources in the level of the current productive force. To estimate the current state of land use is a main means of reviewing the degree of harmony between man and nature. The paper estimates the current state of using land resources in Haibei Zang Autonomous region of Qinghai province. The task proved that GIS had made a role of enhancing degree of precision and reducing quantity of work. Based on land use, the paper has also described the current state of man nature relationship of Haibei Zang autonomous region. The conclusion is the following. The Haibei Zang Autonomous region lies on northeast of Qinghai province. The whole area belongs to the Qilian Mountains. Cold and aridness is the main characteristic of its environment. These background also determine the particular pattern of land use and land resource in the Haibei Zang autonomous region. The maximal type of land resource of Haibei autonomous region is stock pasture able land that owns 68.18% of the whole area of the region. Cultivation able land is the minimal type of the whole area; in addition that unsuitable land occupies broad space. Based on the land resource, pastoral land is the main type of land use. The main part of the cultivation able land has been utilized, but, under the pressure of population and development of social economy, part of meadow has been cultivated. It also displays that much of cultivated land and meadow that belong to superior class are transformed into building land, and also it is evident that much of cultivated land, forestry land and meadow have been degraded into unavailable land. The variation trend of the cultivated land will profoundly influence sustainable development of social economy on the Haibei prefecture.