什么是人类文明的基础与命运——弗洛伊德的社会文明观述评

The Foundation and Destiny of Civilization

弗洛伊德认为,人有两种基本本能:旨在创造生命联合体的生存本能和旨在分解生命联合体的死亡本能,人类文明是建立在人的基本本能的基础之上的,生存本能促成文明建设,死亡本能威胁文明进程。弗洛伊德的社会文明观虽具有一定的合理性,但总体上是错误的,是历史唯心主义的观点。

In S. Freud's Civilization and its defect, civilization builds on two basis instincts of humanbeing that are self-preservative instinct and death instinct , the former promotes the development of civilization and the latter threatens it . Freud's view of social civilization has its rational value, but it is historical idealist in the whole.