马歇尔与熊彼特企业家理论的比较与借鉴

The Comparison and Using for Reference about the Entrepreneurial Theories of Marshall and Schumpeter

马歇尔认为企业组织在企业家带领下克服风险和不确定性而获得利润的过程，就是市场实现均衡状态的过程；他把企业家机能纳入市场结构，以稳健的风格塑造了温和的企业家形象。熊彼特认为企业家“创新”是在打破市场的均衡状态，利润是企业家为“新组合”所作贡献的价值体现，他刻画了一个鲜明的企业家形象。马歇尔与熊彼特的观点对我们的借鉴意义表现为：重视企业创新的层次性；塑造鲜明的企业家形象。

A. Marshall considered that the process of a firm organization overcoming risks and uncertainty to obtain profit under the leading of Entrepreneur was the process of arriving to the market equilibrium states. J. A. Schumpeter considered that the entrepreneurial 'innovation'broke down the market equilibrium. Credit was the main means to carry out 'new combination', whose value of contribution was of profit to the entrepreneur. The views of Marshall and Schumpeter carry deep meaning: attaching importance to the multi-levels of firm innovation; sculpturing a lively entrepreneur figure.