高速角接触陶瓷球轴承与钢球轴承动力学特性对比分析

Dynamic Cbaracetristics Analysis of High Speed Angular-contact Ceramic and Steel Ball Bearing

在15万转/分的转速范围内,对角接触陶瓷球轴承及钢球轴承的接触角、接触应力、内圈位移、旋滚比和刚度的变化特性进行了全面的对比分析。根据滚动轴承分析理论建立了数学模型并采用数值方法求解。分析结果表明:在研究的转速范围内,以上各性能参数均呈现显著的非线性变化特征,其变化特性与转速和滚珠材料类型密切相关;在轴向外载作用下,轴承内圈沿轴向移动,随转速升高,轴向移动量先小幅降低而后急剧增大;轴承径向刚度及轴向刚度值也是先下降而后上升,且变化范围较大。陶瓷球混合轴承几乎在所有的性能参数均明显优于传统的钢球轴承。与传统钢球轴承相比,其接触应力和内圈移动量明显降低、接触角变化较小、轴向与径向刚度变化程度相对较低、动态特性相对稳定,从而具有传统钢球轴承无可比拟的优越性。

The dynamic chacteristics of the high speedAngular-contact ceramic ball bearing have been studied andcompared with that of the steel ball bearing with therotational speed ranging from 0 to 150,000 r/min. Accordingto rolling bearing analysis theory, the bearing dynamicequations were established and were solved by numericmethod. The result shows that the bearing dynamiccharacteristics changing nonlinearly mainly depend on therotational sped and ball material property at high speed.The axial displacement of the bearing inner ring initiallydecreases and then significantly increases when therotational speed grows higher. The stiffness value, also,initially drops and then rises considerably. The ceramic ballbearing gains significant advantages over the steel ballbearing in high speed applications, such as lower contactstress, smaller displacement of the inner ring, less alteringamount of contact angle, decreasing extent of variation ofaxial and radial stiffness and higher performance stability.