某部队急性腹泻病监测报告 Ⅰ.流行病学部分

REPORT OF ACTIVE SURVEILLANCE OF ACUTE DIARRHEA DISEASE IN AN ARMY UNIT

1991年6月～1992年5月在驻粤某部队进行了急性腹泻病的主动监测。年发病率为0.64～1.0次/人/年。发病率与相对湿度(x_2)、气温(X_3),特别是雨量(X_1)的关系经多元回归分析表明呈正相关。y=1.98+0.02x_1+0.02x_2+0.07x_3,r=0.8727,P<0.01。病例-对照研究结果提示,饭前、便后不洗手等生活习惯同腹泻发病有密切关系。26.3％的患者有淋雨、腹部受凉或感冒等诱因,对照者同期则无。腹泻病例抗菌药使用率平均达79％,越是基层使用率越高。根据结果,讨论了腹泻防治对策与措施。

An active surveillance of acute diarrhea disease was conducted in a PLA unit in Guangdong province from June 1991 to May 1992. The annual incidence was 0.64～1.0 episodes/person/year. After multiple regression analysis, the incidence is shown positive correlation with the relative humidity(X_2), the atmospheric temperature(X_3) and especially the rainfall(X_1) y=1.98+0.02x_1+0.02x_2+0.07x_3, r=0.8727, P<0.01. The results of case-control study suggested that diarrhea incidence is closely related to some daily habits such as not washing hands before meal or after defecation (OR=3.0～3.7, P<0.01). 26.3% of patients had the inducing causes as being drenched in the rain, or having a cold. The average ratio of prescribing antimicrobic drugs for diarrhea cases reached 79%, and it was higher in smaller PLA units. According to the results, tactics and measures for diarrnea control are discussed